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Jesus’ Resurrection – Four Lines of Evidence

Jesus’ Resurrection – Four Lines of Evidence

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Is there any evidence of Jesus’ resurrection?

“We have confirmation of the words of the prophets”—2 Peter 1:19 NJB

Is the story of Jesus’ resurrection true? If so, how can we be sure? Let’s begin by examining four lines of evidence: that Jesus was really dead, his tomb was found empty, he then appeared to many witnesses, and finally, eyewitness accounts of encounters with the resurrected Jesus.

Jesus' Resurrection
Was Jesus really resurrected?

1.       Jesus was really dead.

a.       Publicly executed before A large crowd. (Matthew 27:39-44; Matthew 27:54-56; Mark 15:29-32; Mark 15:40-41; Lk 23:26-32; Luke 23:35-38; Luke 23:47-49; John 19:19-26) read more

Divergent Details of Jesus’ Trial and Execution – Contradictions?

Divergent Details of Jesus’ Trial and Execution – Contradictions?

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Titles of the Gospels
Are the divergent details in Matthew, Mark, Luke and John regarding Jesus’ trial and execution contradictions, or evidence of authenticity?

All of the gospels tell the same basic story of Jesus’ trial, execution and resurrection, but with divergent details. Are these divergent details contradictions? No. These divergent details give strong evidence the gospel writers are telling the truth, rather than copying from a single fictional account, or writing new fiction, in which the details are harmonized, or smoothed out

Below are some of the divergent, but true, details about the crucifixion of Jesus:

Barrabas

Was described as:

·        Matthew 27:16 – notorious, “well-known” (NIV) read more

Jude said apostles’ writings were authoritative

Jude said apostles’ writings were authoritative

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Some Christians today believe only the actual spoken words of Jesus to be divinely inspired and to be taken as the authoritative word of God, and other Bible writings to be merely the words of man. This is not the way the early Christians viewed things. For example, Jude viewed the Apostles’ teachings and writings as authoritative Scripture, the word of God:

“But, dear friends, remember what the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ foretold. They said to you, ‘In the last times there will be scoffers who will follow their own ungodly desires.'” (Jude 17-18) read more

The Resurrection of Jesus Is a Historical Event

The Resurrection of Jesus Is a Historical Event

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empty_tomb

In recent years, studies of Jesus’ resurrection have taken surprisingly positive directions. This does not mean that contemporary critical scholars now accept exactly what Scripture states. However, there is a newfound respect for some of the New Testament (NT) reports. We will mention key areas leading to these developments and address their significance.

Early Traditions of Jesus’ Resurrection Embedded in the New Testament Writings

Arguably the most exciting development in recent decades is the almost unanimous recognition of scholars that the NT contains many items that predate the book in which they appear. This means the NT authors frequently made use of earlier sources–traditions, creeds, or confessions that they had gathered or received from others. Examples include a reliable statement received from others (1 Corinthians 11:23-26; 15:3ff), repeating the words of what was likely an early Christian hymn (Philippians 2:6-11) and summarizing an early sermon (such as Acts 1:21-22; 2:22-36; 3:13-16). These sources had different applications, such as keeping a reliable record, passing on doctrine, or serving liturgical functions like worship. read more

Who Wrote 1 Peter and 2 Peter?

Who Wrote 1 Peter and 2 Peter?

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Is the Bible reliable?
Who wrote 1 and 2 Peter? Did the apostle Peter?

Who wrote 1 and 2 Peter, two letters  of the 27 books of the New Testament? Many critics say that they written by a pseudonymous writer, or writers, falsely claiming to be the apostle Peter, and especially is this said about 2 Peter, which is arguably the most disputed book in the New Testament.

EARLY CHURCH’S VIEW OF LITERARY WORKS

“Words . . . by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ” (Jude 1:17 LSB; 2 Peter 3:2) were considered to be authoritative. However, early Christians were advised to be cautious.  “MY beloved, do not believe every prophecy, but examine the prophecies to find out if they are of God: because many false prophets have appeared in the world” (1 John 4:1 Lamsa Bible).  
Therefore, the early Church viewed literary works which claimed to be written by an apostle, or one of their close associates, or that claimed to be scripture, in several ways (Eusebius, History, 3-25), which are: read more

The Greek Septuagint Use in the New Testament

The Greek Septuagint Use in the New Testament

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Christian readers are sometimes puzzled when they read a quotation from the Old Testament in the New Testament, and then, in looking up the quoted Old Testament text in their Bible, they discover that it is somewhat different from the cited quotation in the New Testament. Often, this difference is based on the fact that the Old Testament has been trans­lated from Hebrew Scripture Master Texts which are primarily based the manuscripts of the Hebrew Bible from the Masoretic text of the 6th to 10th centuries C.E., whereas the New Testament is citing the same passage as it appears in the early Greek translation of the Old Tes­tament, known as the Greek Septuagint Version (LXX). read more

What is Textual Criticism? Has the Bible Been Changed?

What is Textual Criticism? Has the Bible Been Changed?

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NT canon
Textual Criticism collates and compares the many ancient extant Bible manuscripts for the various Biblical texts to determine the original reading for each scripture?

Is Textual Criticism something that is critical of the Bible’s text, something that shows the Biblical text is unreliable? Or, is Textual Criticism something positive, even favorable, toward authenticating the Bible’s text as being genuine, reliable, and trustworthy?

It is popularly believed today that the Bible has been copied and re-copied so many times over the centuries that is text is unreliable, and no one can be sure of what was in the originals. Is there any truth to this? read more

Should Pseudepigrapha (Books By Fake Authors) Be In the Bible?

Should Pseudepigrapha (Books By Fake Authors) Be In the Bible?

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Is the Bible reliable?
Should Pseudepigrapha books be in the Bible?

Increasingly claims are being made that many worthy books were omitted from the Bible, and thus raising doubts in people’s minds that “the Scriptures” of the Bible are “the word of God” (John 10:35 NLT). Pseudepigrapha, meaning “false title,” or books by fake authors, refers to Jewish books that falsely claimed to have been written by Moses, Enoch, Abraham or some other ancient hero of the faith, and are supposedly arbitrarily omitted from the Bible.

Most pseudepigrapha, or books by fake authors, were written be­tween 250 BCE and  200 CE. Why aren’t they part of the 66 book Biblical cannon of inspired books/ The Pseudepigrapha books compared with what is genuinely “all Scripture . . . by God” (2 Timothy 3:16 LSB) solves this puzzle.  read more

The Ending of Mark

The Ending of Mark

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The end of Mark 15 (excluding verse 47), along with Mark 16:1 in Codex Sinaiticus (c. 350 AD)
What is the true ending of Mark?

The ending of Mark is controversial with some groups. There are several different end­ings to the Gospel of Mark found in the vari­ous Greek manuscripts. Most Greek texts and several ancient transla­tions conclude with the ending familiar to us as Mark 16:9-20. However, the ear­liest Greek manuscript with that ending is from the fifth century, although evidence from the church fathers suggests that the longer ending was already in existence during the second century. Many scholars feel, however, that, in addition the manuscript evidence, the vocabulary and themes of the traditional ending are inconsistent with the rest of the Gospel. read more

The Rylands Papyrus 457 Dated to 125-135 CE

The Rylands Papyrus 457 Dated to 125-135 CE

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The Rylands Papyrus 457 (P52) is the oldest copy yet discovered of any portion of the New Testament, having been paleographically dated back to the first half of the second century CE, about 125-135 CE  A tiny fragment of a codex (a leaf-form text, like a modern book, in contrast to a scroll) of the Gospel of John, it contains parts of John 18:31-33 on one side and John 18:37-38 on the other side. It was acquired in Egypt in 1920 and is now in the John Rylands Library in Manchester, England. read more

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